Environment ยท GS3
Patna Bird Sanctuary and Chhari-Dhand join the Ramsar network
One line
Patna Bird Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh and Chhari-Dhand in Gujarat were announced as two new Indian wetlands on the Ramsar list.
Summary
The additions connect a current conservation designation with wetland functions, migratory birds, and international environmental governance. Wetlands support water storage, groundwater recharge, flood moderation, nutrient cycling, fisheries, and habitat.
Ramsar listing recognises a wetland's international importance. It does not automatically convert the site into a national park or mean that all human use ends.
PYQ pattern
UPSC frequently asks about international environmental conventions, site geography, and ecosystem services. Revise the difference between Ramsar Sites, protected areas, and biosphere reserves using the official UPSC archive.
Core notes
- The Convention on Wetlands was adopted at Ramsar, Iran, in 1971. India became a Contracting Party in 1982.
- A Ramsar Site is a Wetland of International Importance designated under the Convention.
- Patna Bird Sanctuary is in Etah district, Uttar Pradesh. Chhari-Dhand is in Kutch district, Gujarat.
- Conservation outcomes still depend on site management, hydrology, pollution control, local institutions, and compatible livelihood practices.
Prelims lens
- Ramsar designation is international recognition under a treaty framework, not a separate category created by the Wildlife Protection Act.
- Wetlands include more than lakes. They may include marshes, estuaries, mangroves, and human-made systems.
- Migratory bird habitat is one ecological reason for wetland protection.
MCQ 1
Consider the following statements:
- Patna Bird Sanctuary is in Uttar Pradesh.
- Chhari-Dhand is in Kutch district of Gujarat.
- A. 1 only
- B. 2 only
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answerHide answer
C
Both locations were identified in the PIB release announcing the new Ramsar sites.
MCQ 2
With reference to Ramsar Sites:
- They are Wetlands of International Importance.
- Ramsar listing by itself means that every human activity at the site is prohibited.
- A. 1 only
- B. 2 only
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answerHide answer
A
Ramsar Sites receive international recognition under the Convention on Wetlands. The designation does not automatically prohibit all compatible human use.
Mains
Question, 10 marks, 150 words: How can Ramsar recognition improve wetland conservation while protecting local livelihoods?
Approach:
- Define wetlands and their ecological and economic services.
- Explain the value and limits of Ramsar recognition.
- Discuss altered hydrology, pollution, invasive species, encroachment, and livelihood dependence.
- Recommend site-specific management, local participation, monitoring, and integration with district planning.